Scientists managed to grow a tree from a 1000-year-old seed found in a cave

Their study, published in the journal Communications Biology, describes the discovery of the ancient seeds, its cultivation and what they have learnt about this unique plant.

In the 1980s, during an archaeological dig in the Judean Desert, researchers discovered seeds that dated back to around 993-1202 AD. Despite its age, the seed remained viable. The scientists planted it, and after a while it sprouted. After 14 years, the tree, which was named Sheba, reached maturity.

The tree, which is about 3 metres tall, was the subject of a detailed study. Scientists examined its wood, resin and leaves and found that the tree belongs to the genus Commiphora, which includes such well-known plants as frankincense and myrrh. The species of the tree remains unknown as it has not yet flowered.

In particular, the tree has been found to contain compounds useful for medicine: pentacyclic triterpenoids, which have anti-inflammatory properties, and squalene oil, known for its antioxidant and dermatological qualities. Researchers speculate that this tree may be the source of the medicinal resin "tsori" mentioned in the Bible.

Unfortunately, this tree species seems to be extinct. Scientists have yet to determine why this lineage disappeared from the region.